Übergewicht und Adipositas nehmen weltweit zu: In Deutschland ist die Mehrzahl der Erwachsenen übergewichtig oder adipös, unter den Kindern und Jugendlichen ist es bereits fast ein Viertel. Adipositas bedeutet für die Betroffenen gravierende gesundheitliche Risiken und Probleme, die im Rahmen einer Notfall- oder Krankenhausbehandlung lebensbedrohlich werden können. Die Vielzahl der Begleiterkrankungen und der pathophysiologischen Veränderungen des Atemapparates und des Herz-Kreislaufsystems führen zu einem deutlich erhöhten Risiko perioperativer Komplikationen. Zur Beherrschung dieser Risiken sind spezielle Abläufe und Behandlungsmanagements notwendig: integrierte Konzepte für die präoperative Evaluation, für ein adäquates Atemwegsmanagement mit einer adaptierten Narkoseführung sowie für die Intensivtherapie und Schmerztherapie. Zudem erfordern diese Patienten speziell geschultes Krankenhaus- und Rettungspersonal, geeignetes Equipment sowie eine adäquate bauliche Ausstattung, für die zukünftig alle Krankenhäuser und Gesundheitseinrichtungen sorgen müssen. Dieses Praxishandbuch vermittelt umfassend die Theorie und Praxis der besonderen Voraussetzungen, Konzepte und Strukturen zur Behandlung und Versorgung von übergewichtigen oder adipösen Erwachsenen und Kindern.

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Obesity and eating disorders remain major public health concerns worldwide that often co-exist. While we are far from having definitive solutions, scientific insights into the prevention and management of obesity and eating disorders have developed significantly in recent years. This research has been stimulated by the continuous challenge of reducing the global burden of obesity and its commonly associated health complications, as well as the life-threatening characteristics of eating disorders. Looking towards better solutions for these pressing public health concerns, this book addresses recent scientific findings regarding the prevention and management of obesity and eating disorders. It reports on cognition and mental health in people with obesity, as well as on food addiction, co-morbidities of eating disorders, cultural aspects of eating, intermittent dietary energy restriction as a treatment for overweight or obesity, factors influencing the adherence to dietary treatments for overweight and obesity, philosophies underpinning dietary practices, treatment of eating disorders in men, cognitive remediation therapy for anorexia nervosa, and online or virtual interventions for weight management or bulimia nervosa. This book includes culturally diverse findings from research groups around the world (e.g. Australia, UK, Norway, Brazil), and is informative for healthcare professionals and researchers working in the fields of obesity and/or eating disorders.

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Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an established inherited amino acid disorder with a very traditional dietary therapy, but there is still more to learn and verify about its nutritional composition, application and overall effectiveness. Although in the 1950s, the first patient successfully treated with diet therapy patently established the role of a low phenylalanine protein substitute, in present times, it is still necessary to characterise the most effective source of artificial protein; defining its optimal amino acid profile; and identifying nutrient modulation that will improve the functionality of protein substitutes. It is also important to understand the impact of a life-long synthetic diet on gut microbiota, metabolomics and inflammatory status. In early-treated patients with PKU, it is unclear if co-morbidities such as overweight, obesity, hypertension and diabetes are higher than in the general population and if these are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. It is also uncertain if overweight and obesity in PKU is related to early dietary practices, the nutritional composition of protein substitutes and special low-protein foods, impact of the dietary treatment on satiety, disordered eating patterns, non-adherence with the low phenylalanine diet and poor metabolic control, or if this is even a consequence of the disorder. In a generation of ageing patients, the impact of intermittent and suboptimal dietary adherence on nutritional status deserves systematic study.

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Healthy Life Booklets, No. 2

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Cover -- Contents.

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